SOME SPECIALTY AREAS OF TOXICOLOGY (APPLICATION OF TOXICOLOGY)

SOME SPECIALTY AREAS OF TOXICOLOGY (APPLICATION OF TOXICOLOGY) 1. Clinical Toxicology: (hospital setting) • Deal with emergencies such as overdoses, poisonings, attempted suicides. • Compound identification and quantification. • Sign and symptom management. • Emergency care--home poisoning. • Poison control. 2. Forensic Toxicology: (Medical Examiners office) • Medical-legal aspects of poisonings. • Identification and quantification of poisons. • Establish relationship between tissue residual level and probable cause of death. 3. Industrial Toxicology: • Estimation of worker safety based on 8 hr work day, 40 hr work week.... • Engineering of safety measures. • Air sampling, worker sampling. 4. Environmental Toxicology: • Effects of compounds on water, wildlife. • Movement of chemicals in the environment--soil, air, water. • Residual life of chemicals in the environment. 5. Biochemical and MolecularToxicology: • Determining mode of action of chemicals at the molecular level. • Effect of chemicals on DNA, cancer genes…. 6. Product development Toxicology: (Corporate setting) • Service and preclinical toxicology for product development. • Evaluation of full toxic potential of chemicals destined for drug use. • Establish safe doses for people. 7. Regulatory Toxicology: (industry and government setting) • Deciphers and analyzes toxicological data for risk estimation. • Solvent vapor thresholds in industry. • Safe level for human drugs. • Safe level of heavy metals in water. • Safe levels of pesticides. 8. Food Toxicology • Deciphers and analyzes toxicological data for risk estimation. • Solvent vapor thresholds in industry. • Safe level for human drugs. • Safe level of heavy metals in water. • Safe levels of pest